Designing a Better 'Federal IT Dashboard'

We were thrilled when we first found out that the Federal IT Dashboard had incorporated our JuiceKit treemap. A year later, the dashboard has been relaunched:

U.S. CIO Vivek Kundra relaunched a IT Dashboard today, and, well, the thing almost makes navigating federal tech spending data fun. Kundra told Politico's Morning Tech that the inspiration for the redesign are online tools people might use to navigate their stock portfolios. The new dashboard offers up more data on spending on more than 7,000 federal IT projects

The first time around, it was awesome to see transparency and visualization brought to the federal government. This time, some of the excitement has worn off and we're going to use it as a case study for "opportunities" to design a better dashboard. There are five areas where it can be significantly improved:

  • Message
  • Flow
  • Charts
  • Context
  • Design fundamentals

(Not coincidentally, these are the types of areas we cover in our Viva Visualization Tour. Next up, Boston August 25th.)


Part 1: Message

The information designer is responsible for presenting the data in a way that the message is delivered in a clear and understandable way. If the data is left to speak for itself, users can be left confused or frustrated. And in all likelihood they won't to see the full value of the data. That's particularly tough for this Federal IT Dashboard where a huge amount of effort has been put into gathering consistent data across agencies.

The goal of this dashboard is clearly stated on the landing page:

“The purpose of the Dashboard is to provide information on the effectiveness of government IT programs and to support decisions regarding the investment and management of resources.”

They want to answer a couple fundamental questions: Where is money being spent on IT projects? How effective are those projects being managed? Unfortunately the data isn't presented in a way that novice users can quickly answer those questions. Instead the dashboard raises more questions than it answers. For example:

Federal IT Dashboard

A giant chunk of overall spending goes to the Department of Defense. But how big are these numbers? How are they changing?

Federal IT Dashboard

Pie charts show that something is mostly green--but not entirely. What does this represent? How should I feel about mostly-green performance?

Federal IT Dashboard

The three ratings lines are converging around 7.5. What are these numbers and what is driving the trends?

We took the liberty of sketching up a revised dashboard that would more effectively talk to the message of IT program cost and performance. Our dashboard has two primary views, spending and performance.

IT Spending. Where is the money going? Here we have highlighted the top spending agencies and those that are seeing the greatest increases in spending. The line chart on the right shows the trend in spending for any selected Agency. In this way, a user can click on items that they are interested in and immediately see what has happened over time. Labeling also matters. We included titles that would be easy for the first-time user to understand.

Spending View

Performance. How effectively are the projects being delivered? In this view, we have included something we call a "Spike Chart"; it is a specialized version of a Parallel Coordinates Chart. The Spike Chart allows you to track the performance of the same entities (i.e. Agencies) across multiple performance criteria. The chart will quickly reveal which Agencies bubble to the top (or the bottom) and how they perform across different evaluation criteria.

Performance View

Within each view, we would let people see the data either by Agency or Investment. In both cases, the resulting visuals are focused on showing which entities are spending/performing the best/worst--and how are the values changing.

There is a ton more functionality embedded in the Kundra's IT Dashboard, but we'd argue for hiding that away until the user has understood the most important and/or interesting information. Then they can drill down into the specifics of a project or organization.

If you're interested in learning more about how to design better dashboards, check out our white paper Designing Dashboards People Love to Use.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 United States License. All source code is released under a BSD License unless otherwise specified.

5 comments


July 29, 2010
Andy Kirk said:

Good work Zach/Juice - in my article http://www.visualisingdata.com/index.php/2010/07/still-awaiting-tuftes-influence/ I picked up on some the dashboard components you have critiqued here also.
Cheers


July 30, 2010
datakid said:

Good one.You might be interested to take a look at the collection of Tutorials and videos on Data mining.
Tutorials: http://www.dataminingtools.net/browsetutorials.php
Videos: http://www.dataminingtools.net/browse.php


July 30, 2010
paresh said:

Always an interesting exercise [I always try to keep in mind the effort that has gone in to bring it to the current level]. Certain observations on your version of the dashboard,

a. I believe it would be useful if the percentage change in spending corresponds to the line of actual expenditure - We know DOD spending are the highest but what about the change - [after going through the numbers it is less than 0.3%.]. The change possibly need not be sorted to make it easier to assess the % change.

b. I am confused regarding the spike chart. All the points are above the average. Possibly the color [ blue/grey] indicates the assessment - then the distribution of dots is not clear. I presume the use of Red/yellow and green in the original dashboard was to indicate the three levels - "normal", "needs attention" ... - how are these indicated in the spike chart?

Incidentally, really enjoyed reading your white paper.


August 1, 2010
John said:

Can anyone tell me the supplier who build/designed the dashboard? Thanks.


August 2, 2010
Zach said:

@John: Here's a good place to start for the vendor who build/designed the dashboard. http://it.usaspending.gov/?q=content/contracts&buscid=622

@paresh: I appreciate that there is a lot of effort and pressures that result in the final dashboard that we see.

Your first point about lining up the change values with the spending values is a great one. It would be a nice feature if two columns could be linked by Agency then sorted by one column or the other.

The spike chart can either show only those Agencies above the average or only those below (leaders v. laggards). The "best or worst" toggle in the header would allow the user to flip between these views. I didn't make that very clear. In addition, the user can select a single Agency (shown in blue) and see where it shows up along the various columns. The three colors/metrics that you mention are selections just below the title. Again, I didn't do a great job of explaining all this functionality. We're looking to put together a spike chart demo that would display all these interactions. It is really quite cool.

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30 Great Visualization Resources in 30 Days

A lot of the applications that Juice creates are designed to make information more accessible to people who wouldn't consider themselves to be data experts. They realize the value in the data that they have, and in many cases they have some sort of analytics solution in place, but they know they're not getting as much value from their data as they should.

One of the hurdles we frequently come up against is that people who aren't actively participating in the visualization discussion don't know what's possible. All they've ever seen, in many cases, are the confusing dashboards, charts, and graphs that are all too prevalent from the vendors in our space. You know the ones: a thick layer of technology slathered with some gloss and wiggle, between two slices of "do it yourself".

In many cases, we find ourselves closing this gap by referring to some of the best examples of work out there. As we were thinking about this, the idea to provide a simple walk through of these examples came into being. The result: a 30 day calendar chocked full of some of the best samples of skills enhancing examples we could find.

30 Days to Better Visualization

Each day is a bite sized chunk and takes only a few minutes to watch, read, do, or play. Some of the days are comprised of Juice content, but most days are from other sources that we've found useful.

You can download it to use yourself, or to share with your friends who need to expand their info-viz horizons. Either way, we think it'll get your creative juices flowing.


This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 United States License. All source code is released under a BSD License unless otherwise specified.

8 comments | Show all comments only the last 5 are shown


July 8, 2010
Chris said:

Thanks for putting this together, nicely done. Just curious, do you have any other examples of guides that use a similar format? I posted the link and wrote a couple of paragraphs about it on my blog at http://freshspectrum.com


July 10, 2010
paresh said:

Apart from spreading this to people who are already initiated into the world of data visualization, guys reading the data visualization blogs, we should also spread it to others who may only be peripherally aware of this field. Doing my bit - spreading it among finance and accounting professionals [Linkedin Group].


July 12, 2010
Ken said:

@Paresh - Yes! Thanks for helping others "see."


July 18, 2010
Nemo said:

Thanks, but why are you giving URLs in a PDF document and not a simple web page ? (pdf viewers are not web browsers, and your links in Acrobat reader on my Mac are not clikables !).


August 6, 2010
James said:

and for some tardy responses,
@Chris - Glad you found it helpful for you and your readers. I'm curious myself if there are other materials presented this way! If you find any, do share. It was simply my effort in always reevaluating how we present information.

@Nemo - The links should be working on the latest version of Adobe Reader (9.3.3) from www.adobe.com

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Come Have Breakfast with Juice on July 15th

Breakfast with Juice Listen up, all you Juice fans who live in Atlanta. We've finally nailed down all the details for the get together we announced a few weeks ago. We're calling it the Viva Visualization Tour.

What you'll have when you leave:

  • visualization best practices training around information layout and workflow, information visualization, chart selection, and styling
  • networking within the Atlanta visualization community
  • a full breakfast buffet like only Magianno's can put on
  • opportunity to pick the Juice collective for tidbits of vizo-knowledge
  • a few pieces of custom designed Juice schwag

What Juice gets out of this:

  • socializing with the people in our virtual and physical community who love making visual sense of data
  • opportunity to talk about the stuff we're excited about with people who are actually willing to listen (besides our moms)
  • a big ol' food bill
  • the joy of seeing some of the most respected members of the Atlanta visualization community all in one room

So, if this sounds like great fun to you (and who wouldn't think so), register. We do have limited space, so don't wait.

And, for those of you who aren't in the Atlanta area, we're also planning an August meeting in D.C. and a September meeting in Boston, so keep your eyes open for those (as well as other potential cities).

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 United States License. All source code is released under a BSD License unless otherwise specified.

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July 5, 2010
Martin said:

Hey, how about coming over to London? : )


July 6, 2010
plethaurus said:

And Melbourne!


July 7, 2010
ilya said:

do you have any events or experts in New York? On separate note, Juice insights are often brilliant and I'd like to speak to one of your experts in-person.


July 7, 2010
Ken said:

Wow guys, so many locations, so little time. We're flattered.

@Jeff: if you have a specific group of people in mind who would be interested in getting together, we're always interested in chatting. We recently did this session as a private event for a client who was able to pull together about 50 people (although, we'd do it for less). Drop us a note at info at juiceanalytics dot com if you think you have a seed group.

@ilya: email us at info at juiceanalytics dot com and we'll touch base about your question.

@Elizabeth: unfortunately, NYC isn't on the list for 2010. However, we do have a number of fans there and are making plans for 2011. Stay tuned.

@Martin & @plethaurus: Hmm... London is a long way and Melbourne is even farther. However, you might be surprised at what the promise of a pint will get you ;-)


July 15, 2010
Tony said:

This was an awesome event this morning. Thanks for running it!

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